Cyber espionage wikipedia password#

Hulio and Lavie were school friends who went into the technology start-up sector during the mid-2000s. NSO Group was founded in 2010 by Niv Karmi, Omri Lavie, and Shalev Hulio. It has operated through various other companies around the world. Q Cyber Technologies is the name the NSO Group uses in Israel, but the company goes by OSY Technologies in Luxembourg, and in North America, a subsidiary formerly known as Westbridge. NSO Group is a subsidiary of the Q Cyber Technologies group of companies. national security and foreign policy interests, effectively banning U.S. In 2021, Apple filed a lawsuit against NSO in the U.S., and the US included NSO Group in its Entity List for acting against U.S. In 2019, instant messaging company WhatsApp and its parent company Meta Platforms (then known as Facebook) sued NSO under the United States Computer Fraud and Abuse Act. Īccording to several reports, NSO Group spyware has been used to target human rights activists and journalists in various countries, was used for state espionage against Pakistan, for warrantless domestic surveillance of Israeli citizens by Israeli police, and played a role in the murder of Saudi dissident Jamal Khashoggi by agents of the Saudi government. Pegasus spyware is classified as a weapon by Israel and any export of the technology must be approved by the government. The company says that it deals with government clients only. NSO claims that it provides authorized governments with technology that helps them combat terror and crime. It employed almost 500 people as of 2017. The Scholarly Kitchen.NSO Group Technologies (NSO standing for Niv, Shalev and Omri, the names of the company's founders) is an Israeli cyber-intelligence firm primarily known for its proprietary spyware Pegasus, which is capable of remote zero-click surveillance of smartphones. 'FBI Indicts 9 Iranians who Targeted Scholars to Steal Content'. charges, sanctions Iranians for global cyber attacks on behalf of Tehran'. Archived from the original on 7 February 2016. ^ 'Columbia Medical Center, Hospital To Pay $4.8M Fine for Data Breach'.'Op-Ed: China's Intellectual Property Theft Must Stop'. ^ 'Public Service Announcement: Cyber-Related Scams Targeting Universities, Employees, And Students'.'For $390 you can illegally buy an elite university email account on China's biggest online marketplace - Quartz'. ^ Guilford, Gwynn (September 10, 2014).'Guest Post: Think Sci-Hub is Just Downloading PDFs? Think Again - The Scholarly Kitchen'. ^ a b Pitts, Andrew (18 September 2018).'Why schools are prime targets for data breaches'. ^ a b Roman, Jeffrey (February 3, 2015).'Hackers next big target: Your kids' college'. 'Major universities hit by data breach affecting thousands of job applicants at top firms'. US National Counterintelligence and Security Center (. ^ a b 'Foreign Economic Espionage in Cyberspace' (PDF).'University secrets are stolen by cybergangs'. ^ a b Yeung, Peter Bennett, Rosemary (5 September 2017).Ĭredentials used by Sci-Hub to access paywalled scientific articles have been subsequently used by hackers seeking to breach university firewalls to access other information. charged and sanctioned nine Iranians and the Iranian company Mabna Institute for hacking and attempting to hack hundreds of universities on behalf of the Iranian government. Īs a precaution against such attacks, Stanford University advises its employees to take IT precautions when they travel abroad. The result of such efforts have included theft of military research into missile design or stealth technologies, as well as medical data. University credentials are bought and sold on web forums, darknet markets and other black markets.

Cyber espionage wikipedia password#

īreaches can occur from people sharing credentials, phishing, web-crawlers inadvertently finding exposed access points, password cracking, and other standard hacking methods. The culture of information sharing within universities tends to make them easy targets. Information about research projects with industrial or military application are also targets. Universities are targets for cyber espionage due to the wealth of personally identifiable information they possess on students, employees, people who buy tickets to sporting events, and, if the university has an academic medical center, on patients treated there. Universities in the United Kingdom, including Oxford and Cambridge, have been targets, as have institutions in the US and Australia.

Cyber spying on universities is the practice of obtaining secrets and information without the permission and knowledge of the university through its information technology system.